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IGCSE Physics · 0625

10 Cambridge IGCSE Physics Mistakes Examiners See Every Year

These aren't obscure traps. They're the same errors, listed in Cambridge examiner reports from 2021 to 2025, that cost capable students marks on questions they understood.

Cambridge examiner reports are publicly available but almost nobody reads them. Each one contains a detailed post-mortem of what went wrong — not just what the correct answer was, but the exact phrasing that earned marks and the exact phrasing that didn't. Reading across five years of reports for 0625 produces a short, stable list. The same mistakes appear every series.

These ten are the ones examiners flag most consistently. For each one, there's a before-and-after so you can see exactly what to write differently.

Mistake 01

Missing or wrong units on a numerical answer

Examiners award the unit mark separately from the value. A correct calculation with no unit, or the wrong unit, loses that mark. This is one of the most cited issues in every report — it costs marks even when the physics is right.

❌ Loses the mark
"The resistance is 12"
✓ Full marks
"The resistance is 12 Ω"

Habit: write the unit as you write the number — not as an afterthought.

Mistake 02

Explaining what happens instead of why it happens

Questions that ask "explain" or "state and explain" require a causal chain. Describing the outcome without linking it to a physical reason scores partial marks at best. Examiners consistently note that students "describe the effect but give no explanation."

❌ Loses the mark
"The wire gets hotter as current increases."
✓ Full marks
"As current increases, more electrons collide with ions in the lattice per second, transferring more energy as heat, so the wire gets hotter."
Mistake 03

Vague comparative language — "bigger", "more", "faster"

Examiner reports repeatedly flag answers that use non-specific comparisons. "The force is bigger" scores nothing. The mark scheme requires the physical quantity and its direction of change. Always name the quantity.

❌ Too vague
"The object moves faster because the force is bigger."
✓ Precise
"The resultant force increases, so the acceleration increases, and the object reaches a higher speed."
Mistake 04

Definitions missing "per unit" language

Cambridge Physics definitions are precise constructions. Many require "per unit" phrasing that students routinely drop. Voltage, pressure, density, and speed of a wave all have definitions where missing this wording loses the mark outright.

❌ Incomplete
"Pressure is force divided by area."
✓ Mark-scheme match
"Pressure is the force acting per unit area perpendicular to the surface."

The 0625 Definitions & Formulae flashcard trainer drills these exact phrasings.

Mistake 05

Confusing "directly proportional" with "increases"

If a question asks about the relationship between two variables, "increases" and "directly proportional" are not interchangeable. Directly proportional means the ratio is constant and the graph passes through the origin. Many students write "increases" when the mark scheme specifically requires "directly proportional."

❌ Not specific enough
"As voltage increases, current increases."
✓ Mark-scheme language
"Current is directly proportional to voltage (for a metallic conductor at constant temperature)."
Mistake 06

Confusing current through and voltage across in circuits

Examiners note this in nearly every electricity-related report. Current flows through a component; voltage exists across it. Writing "the voltage through the resistor" or "the current across the lamp" doesn't score — and it signals to the examiner that the concept isn't understood.

❌ Wrong preposition
"The voltage through the resistor increases."
✓ Correct
"The voltage across the resistor increases / the current through the resistor increases."
Mistake 07

Waves: confusing the effects of amplitude and frequency

In sound and light, amplitude controls loudness/brightness and frequency controls pitch/colour. Examiners flag persistent confusion, particularly students writing that "a louder sound has a higher frequency" or describing a louder sound as having more waves per second. These are separate, independent properties.

❌ Confuses the properties
"A louder sound has a higher frequency and more waves per second."
✓ Correct
"A louder sound has a greater amplitude. Frequency is unchanged — it determines pitch, not loudness."
Mistake 08

Practical: wrong number of significant figures for measurements

In Paper 5, marks are lost for recording measurements to the wrong number of significant figures. A ruler reading should be given to the nearest mm (e.g. 23.5 cm, not 23 cm or 23.50 cm). A stopwatch reading should match the precision of the instrument. Examiners state this is consistently penalised.

❌ Wrong precision
"Length = 23 cm" (ruler can read to 0.1 cm)
✓ Correct precision
"Length = 23.4 cm"

The Paper 5 Examiner Guide covers all significant-figures rules for practical work.

Mistake 09

Practical: not identifying the control variable

When asked to plan an experiment, students must name the independent variable (what they change), the dependent variable (what they measure), and at least one control variable (what they keep constant). Examiners note that the control variable is the most-missed element — students describe what they change and measure but forget what must stay the same.

❌ Incomplete plan
"Change the length of the wire and measure the resistance."
✓ Complete plan
"Change the length of the wire (IV), measure the resistance (DV), keep the cross-sectional area and material of the wire constant (CV)."
Mistake 10

Drawing the line of best fit incorrectly on a graph

Examiners cite two persistent graph errors: (1) joining points dot-to-dot instead of drawing a smooth best-fit line, and (2) forcing the line through the origin when the data doesn't support it. The line of best fit should minimise the total distance of points from the line — it doesn't have to pass through any specific point unless the relationship demands it.

❌ Common error
Connecting each data point with straight line segments, or drawing the line through the origin because "it should start at zero."
✓ Correct approach
Draw a single smooth line (or curve) through the trend of the data, with roughly equal numbers of points above and below. Only pass through the origin if the physics requires it.
The pattern behind all ten: Cambridge examiners are not trying to trick you. They're awarding marks for precise physical language. Every mistake above comes down to the same root cause — writing a general idea when the mark scheme requires a specific physical statement. The fix is to practise writing answers against the mark scheme, not just writing until you feel satisfied.

Practise the Paper 5 skills that lose most marks

The examiner guide covers all ten of these in the context of practical questions — with ranked mistake frequencies and a 50-point self-audit.

Open the guide →